Anatomy of Flowering Plants

NEET Biology · 150 questions · Page 10 of 15 · Click an option or "Show Solution" to reveal answer

Q91

Select the correct pair.

A Loose parenchyma cells rupturing the epidermis and forming a lens shaped opening in bark - Spongy parenchyma

B Large colorless empty cells in the epidermis of grass leaves - Subsidiary cells

C In dicot leaves, vascular bundles are surrounded by large thick-walled cells - Conjunctive tissue

D Cells of medullary rays that form part of cambial ring - Interfascicular cambium

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

$\bullet$ When the cells of medullary rays differentiated, they give rise to the new cambium called interfascicular cambium.

$\bullet$ Loose parenchyma cells rupturing the epidermis and forming a lens-shaped opening in bark are called complementary cells.

$\bullet$ Large colorless empty cells in the epidermis of grass leaves are called bulliform cells.

$\bullet$ In dicot leave, vascular bundles are surrounded by large thick walled cells called bundle sheath cells.

Q92

Identify the incorrect statement.

A Sapwood is involved in conduction of water and minerals from root to leaf

B Sapwood is the innermost secondary xylem and is lighter in colour

C Due to deposition of tannins, resins, oils etc., heart wood is dark in colour

D Heart wood does not conduct water but gives mechanical support

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

Correct statement: Sapwood is outermost secondary xylem.

Outer secondary xylem or sapwood serves in water conduction, while the inner part called heartwood is composed of dead but structurally strong primary xylem.

Q93

The roots that originate from the base of the stem are

A Primary roots

B Prop roots

C Lateral roots

D Fibrous roots

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

The roots that originate from the base of the stem are fibrous roots.

A fibrous root system is the opposite of a taproot system.

It is usually formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem.

A fibrous root system is universal in monocotyledonous plants and ferns.

The fibrous root systems look like a mat made out of roots when the tree has reached full maturity.

Q94

The transverse section of a plant shows following anatomical features : (i) Large number of scattered vascular bundles surrounded by bundle sheath (ii) Large conspicuous parenchymatous ground tissue (iii) Vascular bundles conjoint and closed (iv) Phloem parenchyma absent Identify the category of plant and its part:

A Monocotyledonous root

B Dicotyledonous stem

C Dicotyledonous root

D Monocotyledonous stem

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

The monocot stem is characterised by conjoint, collateral, and closed vascular bundles, scattered in the ground tissue containing the parenchyma.

Each vascular bundle is surrounded by sclerenchymatous bundle-sheath cells.

Phloem parenchyma and medullary rays are absent in monocot stems.

Q95

Phloem in gymnosperms lacks :

A Companion cells only

B Both sieve tubes and companion cells

C Albuminous cells and sieve cells

D Sieve tubes only

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

In gymnosperms only sieve cells and albuminous cells are present but they lack sieve tubes and companion cells.

Q96

What is the direction of movement of sugars in phloem?

A Downward

B Bi-directional

C Non-multidirectional

D Upward

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

The direction of movement of sugars in phloem is Bi-directional.

Q97

Plants having little or no secondary growth are

A deciduous angiosperms

B grasses

C cycads

D conifers

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

Grasses are monocots and monocots usually do not have secondary growth.

Palm like monocots have anomalous secondary growth

Q98

Casparian strips occur in

A pericycle

B epidermis

C endodermis.

D cortex

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Endodermis have casparian strips on radial and inner tangential wall. It is rich in suberin.

Q99

Stomata in grass leaf are

A kidney-shaped

B barrel-shaped

C dumb-bell shaped

D rectangular

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Grass being a monocot, has Dumb-bell shaped stomata in their leaves.

Q100

Secondary xylem and phloem in dicot stem are produced by

A vascular cambium

B axillary meristems

C apical meristems

D phellogen

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

The cells of vascular cambium cut off towards pith, mature into secondary xylem and the cells cut off towards periphery mature into secondary phloem during secondary growth in dicot stem.

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