Cell: The Unit of Life

NEET Biology · 161 questions · Page 6 of 17 · Click an option or "Show Solution" to reveal answer

Q51

Which one of the following is not an inclusion body found in prokaryotes?

A Cyanophycean granule

B Phosphate granule

C Polysome

D Glycogen granule

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Polysomes are found in eukaryotes and are defined as a cluster of ribosomes attached to a mRNA molecule.

Q52

The structures that are formed by stacking of organized flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are

A Stroma lamellae

B Cristae

C Stroma

D Grana

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

The lamellae, after separation from the inner membrane, usually take the form of closed, flattened, ovoid sacs, the thylakoids, which lie closely packed in piles called grana.

Q53

Match the following: Centriole - Infoldings in mitochondria, Chlorophyll - Thylakoids, Cristae - Nucleic acid, Ribozymes - Basal body cilia or flagella. Select the correct answer.

A (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

B (a)-(i), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)

C (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)

D (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Centrioles form the basal body of cilia or flagella.

Chlorophyll pigments are present in the thylakoids.

The inner membrane of mitochondria forms a number of infoldings called the cristae.

Ribozymes are nucleic acids with enzymatic activity.

Q54

The solid linear cytoskeletal elements having a diameter of 6 nm and made up of a single type of monomer are known as:

A Microfilaments

B Lamins

C Microtubules

D Intermediate filaments

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

Microtubules are hollow microscopic tubular structures with an external diameter of 24 nm.

Intermediate filaments are numerous microscopic protein fibres of about 10 nm thickness.

Microfilaments are solid linear elements of about 6 nm diameter.

Q55

The term glycocalyx is used for :

A bacterial cell glyco-engineered to possess N-glycosylated proteins

B a layer present between cell wall and membrane of bacteria

C a layer surrounding the cell wall of bacteria

D cell wall of bacteria

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Glycocalyx is a sticky, gelatinous material that collects outside the cell wall of bacteria to form an additional surface layer.

When this layer is firmly attached to the surface of the cell, it is called a capsule.

Q56

Which of the following types of plastids does not contain stored food material ?

A Eleioplasts

B Chromoplasts

C Amyloplasts

D Aleuroplasts

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

Chromoplasts are yellow or reddish in colour because of the presence of carotenoid pigments.

They do not contain stored food material.

They provide colour to many flowers for attracting pollinating insects.

Q57

Which of the following best illustrates FEEDBACK in development ?

A As tissue (X) develops, it secretes something that induces tissue (Y) to develop

B As tissues (X) develops, it secretes something that shows down the growth of tissue (Y)

C Tissue (X) secretes RNA which changes the development of tissue (Y)

D As tissue (X) develops, it secretes enzymes that inhibit the development of tissue (Y)

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

During embryonic development, the primary organiser signals the development of another organ or tissue by secreting chemical factors.

Q58

Mitochondria produce cellular energy in the form of:

A Golgi body - provides packaging material

B Mitochondria - produce cellular energy in the form of ATP

C Endoplasmic reticulum - synthesis of lipids

D Lysosomes - secrete hydrolytic enzymes

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

Mitochondria are bounded by two membranes.

They are referred as powerhouse of the cell as they produce 95% of ATP through glycolysis, oxidative decarboxylation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Q59

Which one of the following organelle correctly matches with its function ?

A Golgi apparatus, formation of glycolipids

B Rough endoplasmic reticulum, formation of glycoproteins

C Rough endoplasmic reticulum, protein synthesis

D Golgi apparatus, protein synthesis

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) bears ribosomes on its surface.

RER is actively involved in protein synthesis and secretion.

Q60

The Golgi complex plays a major role :

A as energy transferring organelles

B in post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids

C in trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy

D in digensting proteins and carbohydrates

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

Proteins synthesized by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and lipids synthesized by smooth endoplasmic reticulum reach the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus where they combine with carbohydrates to form glycoproteins and glycolipids through glycosylation.

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