Locomotion and Movement

NEET Biology · 98 questions · Page 5 of 10 · Click an option or "Show Solution" to reveal answer

Q41

Which ion is essential for muscle contraction?

\mathrm{Na}

\mathrm{K}

\mathrm{Ca}

\mathrm{Cl}

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Movement of $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ out in sarcoplasmic reticulum controls the making and breaking of actin and myosin complex actomyosin due to which muscle contraction and relaxation takes place.

Albert Szent Gyorgyi worked out biochemical events of muscle contraction.

Q42

Parathormone deficiency produces muscle ramps or tetany as a result of

A lowered blood

Ca^{2+}

B enhanced blood

Na^{+}

C enhanced blood glucose

D enhanced blood

Ca^{+}

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Parathormone released by the parathyroid gland elevates the level of $Ca^{2+}$ in blood.

The deficiency of this hormone lowers blood $Ca^{2+}$ .

As a result, the excitability of muscles and nerves increases causing tetany -sustained contraction.

Q43

Low

Ca^{++}

in the body fluid may be the cause of:

A tetany

B anaemia

C angina pectoris

D gout

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Tetany is caused by reduction in the calcium level due to underactive parathyroid hormone.

Q44

Select the correct statement regarding the specific disorder of muscular or skeletal system:

A Muscular dystrophy

-

age related shortening or muscles.

B Osteoporosis

-

decrease in bone mass and higher chance of fractures with advancing age.

C Myasthenia gravis

-

Auto immune disorder which inhibits sliding of myosin filaments

D Gout

-

inflammation of joints due to extra deposition of calcium.

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Major causative factors of osteoporosis are imbalances of hormones like calcitonin of thyroid, parathormone of parathyroids, sex hormones, and deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D.

Q45

Three of the following pairs of the human skeletal parts are correctly matched with their respective inclusive skeletal category and one pair is not matched. Identify the non-matching pair. Pairs of skeletal parts Category

A Sternum and Ribs Axial skeleton

B Clavicle and Glenoid cavity Pelvic girdle

C Humerus and Ulna skeleton Appendicular

D Malleus and Stapes Ear ossicles

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Glenoid cavity is found in pectoral girdle.

A tear of the rim below the middle of the glenoid socket that also involves the inferior glenohumeral ligament is called a Bankart lesion.

Tears of the glenoid rim often occur with other shoulder injuries, such as a dislocated shoulder (full or partial dislocation).

Trauma may cause a fracture of the humerus (ball) or the glenoid (socket) of the shoulder joint.

The majority of these injuries can be treated without surgery with a good, long-term result.

Some fractures are better treated with surgery because they may carry a high risk of arthritis if left alone.

Q46

Select the correct statement with respect to locomotion in humans :

A Accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints causes their inflammation.

B The vertebral column has 10 thoracic vertebrae .

C The joint between adjacent vertebrae is a fibrous joint .

D The decreased level of progesterone causes osteoporosis in old people .

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Vertebral column has 12 thoracic vertebrate.

The joints between adjacent vertebrae is cartilaginous joint which permits limited movements.

Progesterone is secreted by corpus luteum which supports in pregnancy in females.

Deposition of uric acid in form of urate crystal in the joints are responsible for the inflammation and painful symptoms of gout.

Q47

The characteristics and an example of a synovial joint in humans is: Features Instances

A Fluid filled between two joints, provides cushion Cerebrospinal fluid

B Fluid filled synovial cavity between two bones Joint between atlas and axis

C Synovial fluid filled between two bones , limited movement gliding joint between carpals

D Fluid cartilage between two bones , limited movement Knee joint

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Synovial joints are characterised by the presence of a fluid filled synovial cavity between the articulating surfaces of the two bones.

Such an arrangement allows considerable movement.

These joints help in locomotion and many other movements.

Ball and socket joint (between humerus and pectoral girdle), Hinge joint (knee joint), Pivot joint (between atlas and axis), Gliding joint (between the carpals) and Saddle joint (between carpal and metacarpal of thumb) are some examples.

Q48

Select the correct matching of the type of joint with the example in human skeletal system

Type of joint Example

A Sutures between frontal and parietal

B Pivot joint between second and third cervical vertebrae

C Ball and socket joint between humerus and pectoral girdle

D Gliding joint between carpals

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) A gliding joint is a common type of synovial joint formed between bones that meet at flat or nearly flat articular surfaces.

Gliding joints allow the bones to glide past one another in any direction along the plane of the joint - up and down, left and right, and diagonally.

Many gliding joints are formed in the appendicular skeleton between the carpal bones of the wrist; between the carpals and the metacarpals of the palm; between the tarsal bones of the ankle; and between the tarsals and the metatarsals of the foot.

Q49

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

A Storage of minerals

B Production of body heat

C Locomotion

D Production of erythrocytes

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Production of body heat is caused by the process of metabolism (respiration).

Q50

Which of the following joints would allow no movement?

A Cartilaginoius joint

B Synovial joint

C Ball and Socket joint

D Fibrous joint

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Fibrous joint is an attachment between bones, being held together by fibrous connective tissue.

For example- suture between skull bones.

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