Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

NEET Biology · 50 questions · Page 1 of 5 · Click an option or "Show Solution" to reveal answer

Arrange the steps of somatic hybridisation: A. Digestion of cell walls. B. Isolation of naked protoplasts. C. Fusion of protoplasts. D. Isolation of single cells from two varieties. E. Growing of hybrid protoplast to form a new plant.

A D, A, B, C, E

B E, B, A, D, C

C D, B, A, E, C

D E, A, B, C, D

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

Correct sequence: D (isolate cells) → A (digest cell walls) → B (isolate naked protoplasts) → C (fuse protoplasts) → E (grow hybrid protoplast).

Select the incorrect statement with respect to Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer (MOET) Technology.

A Fertilised eggs at 4 to 6 cells stages are recovered non-surgically and transferred to surrogate mother

B It is used to increase herd size in a short time

C Cow is administered with hormones to induce super-ovulation

D Super-ovulating cow is either mated with elite bull or is artificially inseminated

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

Fertilised eggs are recovered at the 8-32 cell stage, not 4-6 cell stage. Other statements are correct.

Which one of the following is NOT an advantage of inbreeding?

A It exposes harmful recessive genes but are eliminated by selection

B Elimination of less desirable genes and accumulation of superior genes

C It decreases the productivity of inbred population after continuous inbreeding

D It decreases homozygosity

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Decreased productivity (inbreeding depression) after continuous inbreeding is a disadvantage, not advantage.

Inbreeding actually increases homozygosity.

What can be expected if scientists succeed in introducing apomictic gene into hybrid varieties?

A There will be segregation of the desired characters only in the progeny

B Polyembryony will be seen and each seed will produce many plantlets

C Seeds of hybrid plants will show longer dormancy

D Farmers can keep on using the seeds produced by the hybrids to raise new crop year after year

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

If hybrid seeds are made apomictic, there is no segregation in hybrid progeny.

Farmers can keep using hybrid seeds without buying new ones each year.

A technique of micropropagation is

A somatic embryogenesis

B embryo rescue

C protoplast fusion

D somatic hybridisation

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

Somatic embryogenesis is a micropropagation technique where embryo-like structures develop from somatic cells/explants in tissue culture.

Select the incorrect statement with respect to inbreeding of animals.

A It exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection

B It is used for evolving pure lines in cattle

C It helps in accumulation of superior genes and elimination of less desirable genes

D It decreases homozygosity

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

Inbreeding INCREASES homozygosity, not decreases it.

Breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals or higher proteins and healthier fats is called:

A Bio-magnification

B Bio-remediation

C Bio-fortification

D Bio-accumulation

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Biofortification is breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, protein and healthier fats to improve public health.

Mutations in plant cells can be induced by:

A Zeatin

B Kinetin

C Infrared rays

D Gamma rays

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

Gamma rays, X-rays and UV rays are physical mutagens that cause mutation.

Gamma rays from cobalt-60 are used in induced mutagenesis.

Which of the following is not an objective of Biofortification of crops?

A Improve micronutrient and mineral content

B Improve protein content

C Improve resistance to diseases

D Improve vitamin content

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

Biofortification improves nutritional quality (vitamins, minerals, proteins).

Improving resistance to disease is the objective of disease resistance breeding, not biofortification.

Q10

Which of the following is not a step in MOET?

A Fertilized eggs are transferred to surrogate mothers at 8-32 cell stage

B Cow is administered hormone having LH like activity for super ovulation

C Cow yields about 6-8 eggs at a time

D Cow is fertilized by artificial insemination

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

In MOET, cows are administered hormones with FSH-like activity (not LH-like activity) for superovulation.

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