Chemical Coordination and Integration — Page 7 | NEET Biology

Q61

What is correct to say about the hormone action in humans?

A Glucagon is secreted by -cells of islets of Langerhans and stimulates glycogenolysis

B Secretion of thymosins is inhibited with ageing

C In females FSH first binds with specific receptors on ovarian cell membrane

D FSH stimulates the secretion of estrogen and inhibits the secretion of progesterone

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) FSH first binds with specific receptors on ovarian cell membrane.

Q62

A chemical signal that has both endocrine and neural roles is?

A Calcitonin

B Epinephrine

C Cortisol

D Melatonin

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Epinephrine acts as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter.

Q63

Identify the correct statement on inhibin

A Inhibits the secretion of LH, FSH and Prolactin.

B Is produced by granulose cells in ovary and inhibits the secretion of FSH.

C Is produced by granulose cells in ovary and inhibits the secretion of LH.

D Is produced by nurse cells in testes and inhibits the secretion of LH.

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Inhibin inhibits FSH production. In females it is secreted from granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles.

Q64

A decrease in blood pressure / volume will not cause the release of :

A Atrial natriuretic factor

B Aldosterone

C ADH

D Renin

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Decrease in blood pressure stimulates renin, aldosterone, and ADH.

Increase in blood pressure stimulates Atrial Natriuretic Factor.

Q65

Toxic agents present in food which interfere with thyroxine synthesis lead to the development of:

A toxic goitre

B cretinism

C simple goitre

D thyrotoxicosis

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Goitre is caused when iodine for thyroxine synthesis is unavailable.

Toxic agents that interfere with thyroxine synthesis lead to goitre.

Q66

Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

A Glucagon - Beta cells (source)

B Somatostatin - Delta cells (source)

C Corpus luteum - Relaxin (secretion)

D Insulin - Diabetes mellitus (disease)

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Glucagon is secreted by alpha-cells (not beta cells) of the islets of Langerhans.

Q67

Injury to adrenal cortex is not likely to affect the secretion of which one of the following?

A Aldosterone

B Both Androstenedione and Dehydroepiandrosterone

C Adrenaline

D Cortisol

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Adrenaline is produced by adrenal medulla (not cortex), so injury to adrenal cortex would not affect it.

Q68

Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the endocrine system?

A Organs like gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney and liver do not produce any hormones.

B Non-nutrient chemicals produced by the body in trace amount that act as intercellular messenger are known as hormones.

C Releasing and inhibitory hormones are produced by the pituitary gland.

D Adenohypophysis is under direct neural regulation of the hypothalamus.

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.

Q69

Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of:

A the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate.

B the kidney, leading to suppression of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway.

C the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

D the pancreas leading to a reduction in the blood sugar levels.

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Adrenal Medulla is called emergency gland and secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine during fight-or-flight.

Q70

Which one of the following hormones is not involved in sugar metabolism?

A Aldosterone

B Insulin

C Glucagon

D Cortisone

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Aldosterone regulates Na+ and K+ levels, not sugar metabolism.