Digestion and Absorption Questions — NEET Biology

Q1

Fluoride pollution mainly affects

A kidney

B brain

C heart

D teeth

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Excess fluorine causes mottling of teeth (fluorosis).

Q2

Duct leading from parotid gland and opening into vestibule is

A Haversian duct

B Stensen's duct

C Wolffian duct

D Infra-orbital duct

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Parotid glands open in the vestibule by the parotid ducts (Stensen's duct).

Q3

Which of the following options best represents the enzyme composition of pancreatic juice?

A amylase, pepsin, trypsinogen, maltase

B peptidase, amylase, pepsin, rennin

C lipase, amylase, trypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase

D amylase, peptidase, trypsinogen, rennin

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Pancreatic juice contains lipase, amylase, trypsinogen, and procarboxypeptidase.

Rennin and pepsin are in gastric juice.

Q4

Identify the cells whose secretion protects the lining of gastro-intestinal tract from various enzymes.

A Chief cells

B Goblet cells

C Oxyntic cells

D Duodenal cells

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Goblet cells secrete mucus which lubricates food and lining, protecting it from acid and digestive enzymes.

Q5

The enzyme enterokinase helps in conversion of

A trypsinogen into trypsin

B caseinogen into casein

C pepsinogen into pepsin

D protein into polypeptides

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Trypsinogen is activated by enterokinase, secreted by the intestinal mucosa, into active trypsin.

Q6

Vitamin K is required for

A change of prothrombin to thrombin

B synthesis of prothrombin

C change of fibrinogen to fibrin

D formation of thrombin

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Vitamin K is essential for synthesis of prothrombin in liver cells for normal blood clotting.

Q7

Calcium deficiency occurs in the absence of vitamin

A D

B C

C E

D B

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Vitamin D regulates absorption of calcium and phosphorus. Its deficiency leads to calcium deficiency and rickets.

Q8

Prolonged deficiency of nicotinic acid produces

A Osteomalacia

B Xerophthalmia

C Pellagra

D Anaemia

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Pellagra is caused by deficiency of nicotinic acid (Vitamin B3).

Q9

A dental disease characterized by mottling of teeth is due to the presence of which chemical element in drinking water?

A mercury

B chlorine

C fluorine

D boron

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Excess of fluorine in water causes fluorosis, identified by mottling of teeth.

Q10

The vitamin C or ascorbic acid prevents

A rickets

B pellagra

C scurvy

D antibody synthesis

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Scurvy is caused by deficiency of vitamin C. It is cured by taking citrus fruits.