Evolution — Page 6 | NEET Biology

Q51

In recent years, DNA sequences of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for human evolution study, because

A they can be studied from fossil remains

B they are small and easy to study

C they are uniparental in origin and do not take part in recombination

D their structure is known in greater detail

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) mt-DNA and Y chromosome are uniparental in origin and do not recombine.

Q52

According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth

A Methane

B Oxygen

C Hydrogen

D Water vapour

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Free oxygen was not present in Oparin's model of the primitive reducing atmosphere.

Q53

Age of fossils in the past led to revision of evolutionary periods using

A study of carbohydrates/proteins in fossils

B study of the conditions of fossilization

C electron spin resonance (ESR) and fossil DNA

D study of carbohydrates/proteins in rocks

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) ESR (Electron Spin Resonance) and fossil DNA are more precise methods for dating fossils.

Q54

Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that

A fishes were amphibious in the past

B fishes evolved from frog-like ancestors

C frogs will have gills in future

D frogs evolved from gilled ancestors

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Gills in tadpole indicate amphibians evolved from aquatic (gilled) ancestors.

Q55

de Vries gave his mutation theory on organic evolution while working on:

A Pisum sativum

B Drosophila melanogaster

C Oenothera lamarckiana

D Althea rosea

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Hugo de Vries worked on Oenothera lamarckiana to propose mutation theory.

Q56

Using imprints from a plate with complete medium, to select streptomycin resistant mutants, these imprints need to be used

A on plates with and without streptomycin

B on plates with minimal media

C only on plates with streptomycin

D only on plates without streptomycin

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Streptomycin-resistant bacteria are identified on plates with streptomycin.

Q57

Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from nonliving matter?

A Larvae could appear in decaying organic matter.

B Microbes did not appear in stored meat

C Microbes appeared from unsterilized organic matter

D Meat was not spoiled when heated and kept sealed in a vessel.

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Spallanzani's experiment disproved spontaneous generation.

Q58

An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is

A Analogous and vestigial organs

B Homologous structures only

C Homologous and analogous organs

D Homologous and vestigial organs

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Homologous organs show divergent evolution; vestigial organs show regression from functional ancestral organs.

Q59

Evolutionary history of an organism is known as

A Ancestry

B Paleontology

C Ontogeny

D Phylogeny

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of an organism through ages.

Q60

Which one of the following amino acids was not found to be synthesized in Miller's experiment?

A Aspartic acid

B Glutamic acid

C Alanine

D Glycine

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Glutamic acid was not synthesized in Miller's experiment.