Evolution — Page 9 | NEET Biology

Q81

Correct order of geological time is

A Palaeozoic Archaeozoic Coenozoic

B Archaeozoic Palaeozoic Proterozoic

C Palaeozoic Mesozoic Coenozoic

D Mesozoic Archaeozoic Proterozoic

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Correct geological time scale: Precambrian → Palaeozoic → Mesozoic → Coenozoic.

Q82

The earliest fossil form in the phylogeny of Horse is

A Merychippus

B Mesohippus

C Eohippus

D Equus.

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Eohippus is the earliest horse fossil found in North America (Eocene period).

Q83

In general, in the developmental history of a mammalian heart, it passes through two-chambered fish-like, three-chambered frog-like and finally four-chambered stages. This approximates to:

A Hardy-Weinberg Law

B Lamarck's Principle

C Biogenetic Law

D Mendelian Principles

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Biogenetic law: ontogeny repeats phylogeny.

Q84

Jurassic period of the mesozoic era was characterised by Gymnosperms dominant and first birds appeared

A Radiation of reptiles and origin of mammal-like reptiles

B Dinosaurs become extinct and angiosperms appeared

C Flowering plants and first dinosaurs appeared

D Gymnosperms were dominant and first birds appeared

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) First primitive bird Archaeopteryx evolved from reptiles in the Jurassic period.

Q85

Diversity in the type of beaks of finches adapted to different feeding habits on the Galapagos Islands provides evidence for

A Intraspecific variations

B Intraspecific competition

C Interspecific competition

D Origin of Species by natural selection

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Nature selects the best adapted characters, resulting in diversity of finch beaks.

Q86

Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option:

A Forelimbs of man, bat and cheetah

B Heart of bat, man and cheetah

C Eye of octopus, bat and man

D Brain of bat, man and cheetah

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Eye of octopus, bat and man are examples of analogous organs (convergent evolution), not divergent.

Q87

Phenomenon of Industrial melanism demonstrates

A natural selection

B induced mutation

C geographical isolation

D reproductive isolation

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Industrial melanism is a classic example of natural selection.

Q88

Homologous organs are

A Wings of insects and Bat

B Gills of Fish and lungs of Rabbit

C Pectoral fins of Fish and fore limbs of Horse

D Wings of Grasshopper and Crow

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Pectoral fins of fish and forelimbs of horse have similar structure but different functions — homologous.

Q89

Darwin's finches provide an excellent evidence in favour of evolution from the field of

A Biogeography

B Anatomy

C Embryology

D Palaentology

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Biogeography: geographical distribution of organisms provides evidence for evolution.

Q90

Which is not a vestigial part in humans?

A Segmental muscles of abdomen

B Fingernails

C Third molar

D Coccyx

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Fingernails are functional structures, not vestigial organs.