Excretory Products and Their Elimination Questions — NEET Biology

Q1

Formation of concentrated (hyperosmotic) urine in vertebrates generally depends on

A length of the proximal convoluted tubule

B length of Henle's loop

C area of Bowman's capsule epithelium

D capillary network forming glomerulus

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Length of Henle's loop determines the ability to concentrate urine.

Q2

Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?

A Low levels of antidiuretic hormone.

B Maintaining hyperosmolarity towards inner medullary interstitium in the kidneys.

C Secretion of erythropoietin by juxtaglomerular complex.

D Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration.

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Loop of Henle and vasa rectae maintain increasing osmolarity towards inner medullary interstitium.

Q3

Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?

A Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone

B Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction

C Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells

D More water reabsorption due to undersecretion of ADH

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Aldosterone increases reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubule, preventing diuresis.

Q4

Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of Diabetes Mellitus?

A Uremia and Renal Calculi

B Ketonuria and Glycosuria

C Renal calculi and Hyperglycaemia

D Uremia and Ketonuria

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Ketonuria (ketone bodies) and Glycosuria (glucose in urine) indicate Diabetes mellitus.

Q5

A terrestrial animal must be able to

A excrete large amounts of water in urine

B conserve water

C actively pump salts out through the skin

D excrete large amounts of salts in urine

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Terrestrial animals have limited water access and must conserve water.

Q6

Uricotelism is found in

A Mammals and birds

B Fishes and fresh water protozoans

C Birds, reptiles and insects

D Frogs and toads

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Birds, reptiles and insects are uricotelic.

Q7

Earthworms are

A uricotelic when plenty of water is available

B uricotelic under conditions of water scarcity

C ammonotelic when plenty of water is available

D ureotelic when plenty of water is available

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Earthworm: ammonotelic when water is abundant, ureotelic in dry conditions.

Q8

Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous component of the excretory products of

A earthworm

B cockroach

C frog

D man

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Cockroach is uricotelic — excretes uric acid crystals.

Q9

Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in

A Reptiles and Bird

B Birds and Annelids

C Amphibians and Reptiles

D Insects and Amphibians

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Birds and reptiles excrete uric acid (uricotelic).

Q10

Nitrogenous waste products are eliminated mainly as

A urea in tadpole and ammonia in adult frog

B ammonia in tadpole and urea in adult frog

C urea in both tadpole and adult frog

D urea in tadpole and uric acid in adult frog

Correct Answer

Option B

Solution

(b) Tadpoles (aquatic) are ammonotelic; adult frogs (semi-terrestrial) are ureotelic.