Excretory Products and Their Elimination — Page 3 | NEET Biology

Q21

Part not belonging to uriniferous tubule is

A Glomerulus

B Henle's loop

C Distal convoluted tubule

D Connecting tubule

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Glomerulus is a capillary tuft, not a part of the uriniferous tubule itself.

Q22

The basic functional unit of the human kidney is

A nephron

B nephridia

C pyramid

D Henle's loop

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Nephron is the basic functional unit of the human kidney.

Q23

In the renal tubules the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct to water is controlled by

A Vasopressin

B Aldosterone

C Growth hormone

D Renin

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) ADH (vasopressin) controls water permeability of DCT and collecting duct.

Q24

If Henle's loop were absent from mammalian nephron, which of the following is expected?

A The urine will be more dilute

B There will be no urine formation

C There will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed

D The urine will be more concentrated

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Henle's loop concentrates urine; its absence leads to more dilute urine.

Q25

The net pressure gradient that causes the fluid to filter out of the glomeruli into the capsule is:

A 50 mm Hg

B 75 mm Hg

C 20 mm Hg

D 30 mm Hg

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) Net filtration pressure = 45 - (20 + 10) = 15 mm Hg (approximately 10-20 mm Hg range).

Q26

A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of:

A fats

B amino acids

C glucose

D ketones

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) During fasting, the liver produces large amounts of ketone bodies — ketonuria occurs.

Q27

What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?

A Micturition will cease

B Urine will continue to collect normally in the bladder

C There will be no micturition

D Urine will collect in the bladder

Correct Answer

Option A

Solution

(a) Stretch receptors trigger micturition reflex; their removal means micturition will cease.

Q28

The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised

A in kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver

B in kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys

C in liver and also eliminated by the same through bile

D in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) Urea is synthesized in the liver by the ornithine cycle and eliminated through kidneys.

Q29

Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by human kidneys is correct?

A Peritubular capillaries

B Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3

C Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules

D Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes

Correct Answer

Option C

Solution

(c) About 99% of the glomerular filtrate (180 L/day) is reabsorbed; only ~1.5 L becomes urine.

Q30

Ureters act as urogenital ducts in

A human males

B human females

C frog's both males and females

D frog's males

Correct Answer

Option D

Solution

(d) In male frogs, ureters carry both urine and sperms — hence called urinogenital ducts.